The Causes And Effects On Street Children Young People Essay

The Causes And Effects On Street Children Young People Essay Street children Introduction:- Also Street children as defined by the UNICEF: is divided into children on the street and children of the streets. Children on the streets are the children whose have home to live in, but they have a full time work or a part time work. Children Of the streets are the children whose home ties have been seriously weakened and who essentially live in the street (UNICEF, 1993, p.22). Children of the streets are which lives all there time on the streets or in other words children with no shelter except for the street. Also, a street child is defined as any boy or girl for whom the street in the widest sense of the word has become his or her habitual abode and/or source of livelihood, and who is inadequately protected, supervised, or directed by responsible adults( Lusk, 1989).according to Kopoka Children whose work on streets and take streets as a shelter, usually come from poor slums and squatter settlements where everything is precarious: Family financial situation, overcrowded schools and even safe place where they can run and play. Moreover, wars or armed conflicts cause the increasing of this problem where the children parents are killed and leave them alone with no shelter or place to live . On the other hand, there are children whose have guardians, but the guardians sent them to work to help the family, others are forced to work and live in streets. Even there are children from well to do families or middle class who run away from homes. The purpose of this essay is to show some of the causes and its effects considering street children problem, and analyse the solution to differentiate between good solution and bad solutions. Causes:- According to Lugalla and Mbwambo, 1995; there are lots of causes for this problem, some are natural and others are man-made. Children have lost contact with their parents or families, which results the loss of the children in the streets. Some children are the offspring of prostitutes. Some families reject their children if there are handicapped. Some respectable parent disowned their own child because he/she is an outcome of an affair. In those causes the background is not allows poor. Effects:- According to Harding, 2010; for every cause there is effect, and there are devastating effects on street children themselves and on the society they belong to. The children without education are without future, which means that they will not be able to defend their future and they will face lots of difficulties to have a better life. Moreover, being undernourished from such a very young age causes bad side effects on their health like malnutrition which effects there immune system and as a result shorter life expectancy. There are approximately 48 million young ones whose are not registered in their countrys archives, which represents around 47% of the child population around the world. 20 out of every 100 births in Latin America never registered. That mean that all of those 47% are not on paper which means they do not exist. This is a huge problem as those poor kids do not have identity, which exclude them from other right like the right to vote or the right to have a proper educati on or even low level education. Moreover, criminal gangs which really represent a huge disaster, as they use those unregistered children to do criminals and violence. Those children have no criteria to know what is right and what is wrong. They may expose themselves to very cruel situations like prostitution, sexual violations, drug consumption and other forms of modern slavery. According to stolenchildhood.net Street children in the third world, having no access to basic needs always become an easy prey of flesh traders. The demand of street children is high among the pimps and the brothel owners because these children sell themselves at cheap rates. These children are at high risk because they neither use contraceptives nor ask the clients to use them. Thus the chances of getting pregnant or catching a sexually transmitted disease is high. A finite circle is problem, because when children grows to be adults. They will be the best shape for crime; there will be evil walking on his feet. There will be individual illiterate adults with low moral beliefs, with damaged psychology. Those lovely poor children in the past will be the evil which will oppress other helpless and innocent children. All of this means that street children of today will be criminals of tomorrow. Analysis of Solutions:- Street children are a huge problem and any solution, even if it is not good, it will at least push forward to solve this problem. ESCWA has developed good solutions which are 1. to understand better the situation of street children through research in the following areas: 1.1 Quantitative data at national level to assess the magnitude of the problem. The statistics need to be disaggregated by sex and age. 1.2 Qualitative and quantitative research to examine the root causes that put girls and boys at risk, among them street children. This research will need to examine the link between poverty, inequality, exploitation, violence and exclusion. 1.3 Qualitative research to examine the everyday lives of the street girls and boys and the attitudes of society and the government towards them. 1.4 Policy level research examining the effectiveness of existing policies, planning and legislation and institutional arrangements and budgetary allocation targeting street children. 2. To shift the approach to street children from legalistic to preventive, protective and rehabilitative interventions, through a focus on: 2.1 Root causes and not only on symptoms 2.2 The economic and not only the social sector 2.3 Mainstreaming as well as specific institutions and actions for street children 2.4 The rights of street children as citizens and not as charity cases or delinquents 16 2.5 Street children not only as victims but also as citizens with the agency to participate in decisions which target them. 3. To enforce and monitor all international and national commitment to children 3.1 To review that all items of international conventions such as those pertaining to childrens rights and elimination of child labour are translated into legislation and other procedures. 3.2 To review that all enforcement procedures are in place and are implemented. 3.3 To strengthen all monitoring and reporting systems relating to relevant international conventions. 3.4 To review and further amend the Child Law 126/2008 by removing all clauses that undermine its effectiveness and to put in place all the necessary procedures and monitoring mechanisms. 3.5 To review and amend articles pertaining to corporal punishment in a way that prohibits all physical violence whether at home, school, work or any other institution. 4. To establish clear mandates and lines of institutional responsibility for street children 4.1 Strengthen crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ cutting entities 4.1.1 To strengthen the establishment of a unit or department in the new Ministry for Family and Population with a clear mandate for responsibility for street children. This entity would be a catalyst advocating, legislating and monitoring the situation of street children. 4.1.2 To review and strengthen the role of what was previously the NCCM Technical Consultative Committee. 4.1.3 To strengthen the Child Protection Committee according to the amended Child Law through appropriate budget allocation, establishment of clear guidelines and protocols and awarenessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ raising and training for the committee members. 4.1.4 To establish surveillance system such as a childrens Ombudsman 4.2 Establish responsibility of line ministries 4.2.1 To strengthen the role of economic sector ministries in addressing poverty, such as the creation of jobs for poor women and men. 4.2.2 To strengthen the monitoring systems of the Ministry of Labour in the area of child labour. 4.2.3 To lift all exclusionary conditions from access to education such as the rising cost of education, forced private tuitions by teachers, mistreatment of poor children in schools, corporal punishment and gender discrimination. 4.2.4 To establish effective internal and external mechanisms and multispectral interventions to identify children at risk and design suitable and sustainable interventions to reduce and eventually eliminate the risk factors. 4.2.5 To formulate a new Social Protection Strategy with the full collaboration of all relevant state institutions and NGOs that focus on the rights of the 17 child, with a dedicated budget and clear roles and responsibilities for its implementation and monitoring. 5. To devise a comprehensive child protection system that addresses the issues of all categories of vulnerable girls and boys in all their diversity of age, class, religion as well as family and regional background 5.1 To devise a Social Protection policy for vulnerable girls and boys. 5.2 To devise a Social Protection strategy translated into crossà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ cutting and sectorial programmes and projects and procedures. 5.3 To create realistic budget lines for the implementation of the various components of the Social Protection system. 5.4 To create clear institutional responsibility for monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the strategy. 6. To devise a National Strategy, programmes and projects specifically for street children 6.1 To evaluate the implementation of the National Strategy for the Protection, Rehabilitation and Reintegration of Street Children of 2003, as well as all programmes and projects directly targeting street children. 6.2 To build on lessons learned and design a new Strategy in collaboration with key state institutions and NGOs. 6.3 To design innovative and participative programmes and projects that address the conditions and circumstances of children already living on the street taking into account that: 6.3.1 There is more chance of succeeding by helping children get off the streets through early intervention, before they establish their new street kid identity. 6.3.2 For those who have been a long time on the streets, it is possible to use participative methods and consult them in the design of the most effective activities. 6.4 To strengthen all programmes and projects that helps the reà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ integration of street children into mainstream society. 6.5 To put in place actions that address negative attitudes of both the general public and state employees towards street children. 6.6 To work directly with the police to address the way they perceive and treat street children 6.7 To solicit more resource allocation for items listed in recommendation 5 above from government and from bilateral and multilateral organisations. 7. To strengthen the advocacy role of civil society organisations working with street children 7.1 To strengthen CSOs ability to establish channels of communications with street children and to help make their voices heard. 7.2 To raise the capacity of CSOs working with street children in the area of advocacy and lobbying of policyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ makers and politicians. 7.3 To support civil society networks and strengthens their roles as advocates of the rights and needs of street children. Conclusion:- At last the author believes that street children are a huge problem that has a lot of causes which can be minimized and a lot of effects that are considered a real threat to all means of life, it is waste of man power which harm economy, it threats security and of course it is totally against human right .

Breast Cancer Essay -- essays research papers

In the United States in 1999 alone, an estimated 43,700 people will die from breast cancer. It is the number two cancer killer among females ages 15 to 54. On average if a woman gets this disease, their life expectancy drops drastically. This cancer is within the top three cancers of all women above the age of 15, and comprises a great amount of all health care costs in the U.S. totaling an astounding 37 billion dollars a year in direct medical costs. An average woman is said to have a one in nine chance of getting the cancer, but if that person had family history of the disease, his or her chances have been measured up to a one in six chance. Sixty-nine percent of African-American women survive from it, and there are predicted to be nearly two million new cases reported this year in the U.S. (Breast Cancer Key Statistics). Breast cancer is a group of rapidly reproducing, undifferentiated cells in the area of the breast in men and women. The earliest changes occur in the epithelial cells of the terminal end buds (TEB) of the breast milk ductal system. While the progressive steps of breast cancer are unknown, the cells in the breast trigger a reaction of cell reproduction. These new cancer cells form tumors. If cancer cells are active or are considered malign, the tumor grows at tremendous speeds, and may end up in metastasis. Metastasis is a complex process in which cells break away from their primary tumors, and via the blood supply or through the lymph system relocate into other organs, thus spreading cancer throughout the body. Generally, if a lump is smaller than one centimeter, it is considered benign, although every woman should consult her doctor about any unusual bumps or feeling in the chest. One sign of breast cancer results from ductal cancer in the breast. A once hollow open tube could be completely clogged up with cancerous cells leaving an awkward feeling in the chest area. Other complications that result from this cancer and others are the clogg ing and cramming of the system (American Cancer Society, 1999: 10). Recently genes have been named as a great cause of cancer. It now is thought in the medical community that while there are definite environmental contributors to cancer, even those people who are exposed to few carcinogens may suffer from disease that runs in their families. Among the genes that are being heavily researched is the gene... ...99. "Case Studies." http://www.cancergenetics.org/bc.htm. April 12, 1999. "Detection." http://www3.cancer.org/cancerinfo/main_cont.asp?st=ds&ct=5#early. September 20, 1999. "Exercise Reduces Breast Cancer." http://www.oncolink.com/cancer_news/1994/exercise_bc.html. August 26, 1999. Fitzgerald et al. The New England Journal of Medicine. Vol. 334, No. 3. January 18, 1996. "Guidelines for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer." The American Breast Cancer Guide (1999): 6. "Newly Synthesized Compound Can Inhibit Development of Precancerous Cells." http://www.ag.uiuc.edu/~ffh/vitamind.htm. "Perceptions of Breast Cancer Risk and Screening Effectiveness in Women Younger Than 50 Years of Age." http://cancernet.nci.nih.gov/jnci/issue10/87-720.html. "Risk Factors for Breast Cancer." http://www3.cancer.org/cancerinfo/main_cont.asp?st=pr&ct=5#risk. September 20, 1999. "Tamoxifen." http://www.infomed.org/100drugs/tamofram.html. 1996. "Treatment. http://www3.cancer.org/cancerinfo/main_cont.asp?st=tr&ct=5. September 20, 1999. "Types of Breast Cancer", " Breast Cancer Stages." Breast Cancer Treatment Guidelines for Patients, Version II (June 1999): 7, 10.

Nazi Propaganda

This statement can be true on one hand due to various factors during the early years of the nazi propaganda regime. There are many things which could be said about the nazi propaganda and the methods which were used. Nazi propaganda provided a crucial instrument for acquiring and maintaining power, and for the implementation of their policies, including the pursuit of total war and the extermination of millions of people in the Holocaust. German propaganda was extremely important to the course of World War II. By taking control of the media and only printing or broadcasting Nazi material, the Reich was able to effectively flood Germany with its propaganda. There were many different themes of Nazi propaganda during the early regime, one being Volksgemeinschaft which was the idea of a perfect family. This theme of propaganda was to try and persuade the German families that each family should be perfect with a working mother, four children and a family house. This was probably one of the most persuasive of the German themes of Nazi propaganda as it was ideal for the German nation to have perfect lives in which will help each family grow to be a part of the process of rebuilding Germany, it called upon each German to show unity throughout the country. Also a major theme of which Nazi propaganda was portrayed was eugenics. This came under heavy criticism due to the fact that it was against the Catholic Church which at the time was the biggest religion spread over the world. Historian, Welch, has argued the point that he believes Nazi propaganda was more successful in putting Hitler over with the German people rather than putting the Nazi policies over. This is a case of the ‘Hitler Myth' which is what many people believe to be that Hitler was promoted as a saviour to the German nation after all of the disasters of WW1 and the Treaty of Versailles. Things such as the poster on Germans buying only German goods within the country, it also says German Week/German Goods/German Labor, which is a propaganda method to get across the point that the German's work for the goods each week and therefore they should buy their own goods as a sign of respect towards the country. It also has a short and catchy slogan which would cause a knockon effect throughout Germany. This Nazi propaganda poster was published during the 1930's and was a great part of Nazi propaganda as the majority of Germans took notice of the slogan and what the poster was trying to get across to the German public. Another poster which was published within the 1930's was a poster which was against handicapped German citizens as the Nazi's felt that handicapped people were a waste of German goods and a waste in the community. The poster reads ‘This genetically ill person will cost our peoples community 60,000 marks over his lifetime. Citizens, that i your money. ‘ The point that this message is trying to get across to the German society was that handicaps could not pay back enough sufficient effort to the German nation and were wasting marks. This poster was quite successful as it proved to be another Nazi propaganda method which would make the German people begin to realise that Nazi's were trying to create a better life for the men and women who could work for the country and support the Nazi reign. However as the years progressed and the Nazi propaganda methods began to slow down during the war, it became clear to alot of Germans that the Nazi propaganda was just infact lies and methods of making them believe that everything about the Nazi Party was for the greater good of the German nation. It became apparent to the Germans that the Nazi propaganda wasn't actually putting across the Nazi policies very well to the Germans, more putting Hitler's views across and that Hitler should be supported in whatever he views to be the right way forward for the German people. During 1941, a novel named ‘Germany Must Perish! ‘, written and self-published by Theodore N. Kaufman was released. The Nazi's used this book in a piece of propaganda to allege that the Jews were plotting against Germany. The Nazi's reacted to the book by calling it an ‘orgy of Jewish hatred' and then accused Roosevelt of having inspired the book. A controversial point of the book's effect was on September 8 1941 when the Jews of Hanover were forced from their homes. However the book was claimed not to have had a real impact for propaganda on Nazi genocide policies and was ignored by many Germans.

Negative Health Effects of Red Meat

Negative Health Effects of Red Meat It has been known for a while that the  saturated animal fat  in red meat contributes to heart disease and atherosclerosis. Recent research also shows red meat is thought to increase the risks of rheumatoid arthritis and endometriosis.  There is good evidence that eating red meat may be a probable cause of colorectal cancer. Processed red meat, like cured and smoked meat, has recently been declared carcinogenic, with strong scientific evidence linking it to cancer. Red Meat: The Good and Bad Meanwhile, according to the American Dietetic  Association, vegetarian diets can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease, colon cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, kidney disease, hypertension, obesity, and other debilitating medical conditions. While red meat is a key source of protein and vitamin B12 in North American diets, nutritionists explain that properly planned meat-free diets easily provide these important nutrients. In fact, most people probably do not need to eat as much protein as they think they do. Daily protein requirements are relatively modest, and much of it can be found in legumes, nuts, and other foods. Reducing your intake of red meat is also justifiable for environmental reasons. Raising cattle requires a lot of resources, including water, and cows produce a significant amount of greenhouse gases. For some, an alternative could be the consumption of game meat like venison. It is very lean, low in saturated fat, and does not have the negative land use and water consumption issues associated with cattle. Venison can be kept healthiest by using lead-free ammunition. For more information see the World Health Organization  October 2015 Press Release. Edited by Frederic Beaudry.

Free sample - Counter-force. translation missing

Counter-force. Counter-forceCounterforce can be defined as an opposing or a contrary force, particularly a military force that is capable of destructing the nuclear armaments that belong to an enemy.   Counterforce ensures that the adversary is disarmed by destructing its nuclear weapons earlier before they can be launched, and by this way, the impact of a retributive second strike is minimized. It is true that a counterforce target does not include an adversary’s population, political, or economic resources. A perfect counterforce attack would not kill any civilian. Military attacks have a tendency to causing collateral harm however. Particularly, this is very true as the nuclear weapons are used. In nuclear terms it has been found that most of the military targets are placed very close to civilian centers, such that if a major counterforce strike takes place, a number of civilian causalities will possibly result. Irrespective of the number and size of nuclear warheads, civilians will be threatened as long as the weapons are close to civilian centers (Lee, 1996).  Ã‚   Counterforce operations have been found to be the most effective in forbidding the use of proliferation of weapons of mass destruction which include, biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons, at the commencement of a conflict. At the same time, the counterforce operations can be used to confuse, disorientate, and disorganize the forces of any given adversary.   Most of the people persistently believe that, the capability to fight, endure, and win a nuclear war makes the only really efficacious deterrent, and counterforce is the preferred strategy for these people (Hilsman, 1999).   It is apparent that counterforce is very important when it comes to damage limiting by the process of offensive action. Damage limitation can also come about due to defensive measures. If a country’s counterforce strike against an enemy is successful, it can indubitably limit the damage the enemy could cause the country. Counterforce operations will to a greater extent contribute to success in the time of war. The word damage-limiting is in a useful manner limited to describing the capabilities, defensive or offensive, that attempt to diminish the damage which the adversary can possibly inflict upon a country. This appropriates the expression ‘damage avoidance’ for the weapons systems, strategies, and warheads through which a nation would attempt to minimize the damage it would have to impose upon an enemy during the military operation. It has been found that a damage avoiding attack calls for the employment of accurate, small-sized warheads, and very accurate mis siles to eliminate those weapons of the adversary with the slightest practicable harm to the adversary’s people as well as economy (Lee, 1996). By Lee (1996), a perfect weapon for damage avoidance will destroy the weapons for enemies without harming their troops. Apparently, this will leave the adversary without a way to retaliate, and at the same time holding the adversary open to the coercive power of the weapons just like the involved nation will withhold from their counterforce strike. To diminish the enemy potential to impose damage on nations such as United States, offensive and defensive are the two ways which are employed. This is to eliminate by counterforce assail enemy missiles as well as other systems which are to deliver the warheads even before they can leave their forces. By this way, counterforce attack reduces the susceptibility of a nation by improvements in peaceful defenses as well as developing effectual antimissile systems of defense. By use of offensive, the capability of the enemy is curtailed by diminishing the total number of warheads which could be thrown at the involved nation.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Hilsman (1999), counterforce is a relatively effective strategy due to the following reasons: it is much easier to identify the location of an enemy weapon and attack it earlier before it is operational or is fired; and as well counterforce is found efficient and effective at the margins. The targets are frequently stationary and their whereabouts can be ascertained beforehand. This means that, to target the operating and storage facilities is easier as compared to destroying missile warheads which are traveling in the direction of a target at a very high speed. The fixed targets are comparatively large and at times located anterior to hostilities, meaning that they are susceptible to be destroyed as compared to moving individual weapons. Counterforce attacks are seen to be more efficient as compared to active defenses since they stretch forth the prospect of destroying lots of warheads or delivery systems with comparatively few weapons. In this case, it is true that expenditure rates on weapons favor counterforce to a greater extent such that a given nation can easily afford the option. For example, it is relatively easy to destroy ten warheads on a missile that is in its silo as compared to destroying individual ten warheads during which they speed in the direction of their targets. Surely, as one adopts an infrastructure of weapons system from individual warhead to the facilities of production, counterforce’s effectiveness at the margins gets readily obvious. Using the counterforce, there is an increased probability to destroy lots of missiles by attacking the facilities of assembly-fueling-mating as well as to destroy the big number of delivery vehicles by assailing the facilities for their storage. By stre tching out the prospect of destroying a number of individual weapons at the same time, counterforce has been found to be the most efficient constituent of a theater missile defense effort (Hilsman, 1999). According to Lee (1996), counterforce strategists reason that with sufficient counterforce capacity, a country can inflict a bargain that is not favorable to its opponent. By the intra-war hindrance that is provided by the counterforce capacity, a country can have its opponent to discontinue attacking, and this can be achieved in a way that is to the country’s relative advantage. It is of great importance when a country ensures that the opponent accepts a larger component of the restraint burden would there be projections concerning the war to be suitably limited. Through the use of its counterforce capability in forcing the opponents to pick out restraint, the country can have the most effectual way of attaining a suitable limited nuclear war.  Ã‚  Ã‚   References Hilsman, R., (1999). From Nuclear Military Strategy to a World Without War. New York: Praeger. Lee, S., (1996). Morality, Prudence, and Nuclear Weapons. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Law of Employment Assignment Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law of Employment Assignment - Case Study Example To make matters worse, he was upset that he was not able to spend more time with his wife, who was expecting their son, who was their firstborn child. In October of 2008, Ahmed went to see his general practitioner, who advised him to take a three week leave, as he was suffering from mental and physical exhaustion. Ahmed's situation became more dismal because upon his return to work, his line manager increased his workload by making him responsible for Eastern Scotland and Northeastern England. When Ahmed explained that the position would be too overwhelming for him and that he did not wish to accept it, his line manager informed him that if he did not accept his new responsibilities, he would be out of a job. Reluctantly, Ahmed took on the responsibilities because he could not afford to lose his job; however, it was not too long before he realized that he was unable to handle matters. Ahmed again visited his doctor, who advised him to take a four week recuperation period, as he was s uffering from severe stress and anxiety. Ahmed did just that, and when he returned to work in early January 2009, his request was granted to have a lower position, so long as his salary was reduced. Ahmed's request was not granted in a way that he thought, as he was now reduced to receiving commission only wages and he was subjected to massive workplace bullying. Not to mention, he was constantly hounded by higher ups to close sales. When Ahmed could take it any longer, he resigned in April 2009. Now, Ahmed wishes to bring damage claims against his employer for psychiatric injury, as a result of the stress he has suffered from being expected to do too much at work, as well as for the bullying and lack of support on the part of his employer. Should Ahmed pursue action against his employer, he has a very good chance of winning the case for a number of reasons. For one, Ahmed's employer violated the UK Health and Safety at Work Act of 1974 in at least two ways. According to a government website that explains the Health and Safety at Work Act in detail, it states that this legislation is enforced to insure that the workplace remains safe for employees. This law requires that an employee is to be provided with a safe work place, as well as a safe work system, meaning that the work environment is to be free of health hazards, and considerations need to be taken of how the job is affecting the health of the employee (HSE, 2010). One way that Ahmed's employer violated this particular act is that he failed to provide him with a safe and healthy work environment. Ahmed was subjected to extremely stressful work conditions, and when Ahmed asked for a reprieve from his line manager, as he asked for a lower and less stressful positi on in the company, his job security was threatened because his line manager told him that he either stuck with the position that he had or he would have no job at all. Afraid for losing his employment, he did the best that he could to stick with his position, until it made him ill. It seemed that the higher ups cared only about what Ahmed could do for the company. They neglected to care about how the workload was affecting his health, despite Ahmed making this known on not one but two occasions. As a result of making his concerns known, he was subjected to workplace bullying in two ways. One way that this was the case was that he was bullied into sticking with his position, despite how it was affecting his health in that he was threatened by his managers. Another way that he

Global Strategy - Benchmarking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Global Strategy - Benchmarking - Assignment Example In this case, the benchmark is a Swedish furniture giant IKEA. This effect can be felt because it one of the leading global furniture shops who have also felt the effect of fluctuations in profit margins before rising again to achieve its level of competitiveness (Baldegger, 2012). The IKEA pioneered the initiatives of benchmarks by expanding regionally both in Europe and China, the market for its products had risen by 40% despite the fact that its local markets were still not making enough profits. Besides, when the company ventured into the United States Market, it was forced to redesign its commodities so as to suite the need. This led to sudden fluctuation of IKEAs’ market, but was later revived due to market stability and high demand (Peng, 2014). IKEAs’ success in the global market has been highly dependent on strategic benchmarking. This involves laying down all the strategies needed to improve the success of the company. Having realized that the local markets were not giving substantial returns to the company, IKEAs’ ventured into the global market by making modification on its brand to suite the demand of a particular business. In essence, in the United States, the company decided to construct their store layouts to look like typical layout apartments. Besides, the company made joint ventures with the locals, and this was used as a strategy to test new markets (Peng, 2014). The benchmark that has been implemented by this company did not hinder in any way the success of its local markets because these markets were already making losses. Moreover, the company benchmark was based on cost, promotion and design, which differed from one area to another. Therefore, each area was best suit to set up its own business (Peng, 2014). Any business organization who ventures into global markets must be ready to face numerous risks such as the risks of wining the trusts of